ANL 艾而歐語 商務英語教育中心

Present simple (I do)  現在簡單式

意義：一般而言，現在簡單式是表示始終、通常及習慣存在的事件或情況；它們現在存在，過去存在，將來也可能存在。

 A. Study this example situation: 閱讀下列例句

    1.Alex is a bus driver, but now he is in bed asleep. 
         →Alex是一個巴士司機，但是他現在在床上睡覺 
    2.He is not driving a bus. (He is asleep.) 
        →他沒有在開巴士 (他睡著了) 
        but He drives a bus. (He is a bus driver.
          但他是開巴士的 (他是一個巴士司機)

Drive(s)/work(s)/do(es) etc. is the present simple: 這些都是現在簡單式
                I/we/you/they       drive/work/do     etc.
               He/she/it             drives/works/does       etc. 

B.We use the present simple to talk about thing in general. We use it to say that something happens all the time or repeatedly, or that something is true in general: 
我們使用現在簡單式進行一般性的陳述。說明一些事實、習慣及永恆的真理。

    1.Nurses look after patients in hospitals. 
        →護士照顧在醫院的病人 (事實) 
   2.I usually go away at weekends. 
       →我通常都在假日外出  (習慣) 
   3.The earth goes round the sun. 
      →地球繞著太陽轉  (不變的真理) 
   4. The café opens at 7:30 in the morning.  
     →這咖啡廳在早上7:30營業  (事實)

 Remember:

They teach…     but    My sister teaches…

 C. We use do/does to make question and negative sentences:使用 do/does 當問句和否定句

                      do             I/we/you/they             work?
                     does            he/she/it                    drive?

       l. I come from Canada. Where do you come from? 
           →我來自加拿大。 你從哪裡來? 
     2. I don’t go away very often. 
           →我不常外出 
     3.What does this word mean? (not What means this word?) 
          →這個字是什麼意思?
     4.Rice doesn’t grow in cold climates. 
         →稻米不在寒冷的氣候裡生長

 In the following examples, do is also the main verb (do you do / doesn’t do etc.):
    在這些例句中，do也是主要動詞
   
    1.‘What do you do?’ ‘I work in a shop.’ 
          →你做什麼的?   我在商店裡工作 
    2.He’s always so lazy. He doesn’t do anything to help. 
         →他是如此的懶惰。 他沒做任何有用的事 

D.We use the present simple to say how often we do things:
      使用現在簡單式去表達我們多常去做那些事

     1.I get up at 8 o’clock every morning. 
         →我每天早上8點起床 
    2.How often do you go to the dentist? 
        →你多常看一次牙醫? 
    3.Julie doesn’t drink tea very often. 
       →Julie不常喝茶 

E.I promise / I apologise etc. 
Sometimes we do things by saying something. 有時候我們會藉由說一些事而去做一些事。
For example, when you promise to do something you can say ‘I promise…’; when you suggest something, you can say ‘I suggest…’:  像是當你承諾去做一些事時你可以說”I promise….”當你建議一些事時你可以說”I suggest…”
   
    1.I promise I won’t be late. (not I’m promising) 
        →我發誓我不會遲到    
    2.‘What do you suggest I do?’   ‘I suggest that you…’ 
       →你建議我做什麼?   我建議你……

In the same way we say: I apologise… / I advise… / I insist… / I agree… / I refuse… etc.